Do Fibroids Cause Bleeding? Here’s What Doctors Say

Have you ever found yourself wondering, “Why am I bleeding so much during my period?” Millions of women face heavy menstrual bleeding, but few know the true cause behind it. One common, yet overlooked, culprit is uterine fibroids. But do fibroids cause bleeding, or is something else going on? 

Let’s explore this issue in depth and break it all down.

Uterine fibroids are not new. They’ve been affecting women’s lives for centuries, causing pain, discomfort, fertility issues, and especially heavy bleeding. These benign tumors grow inside or on the uterus. While some women don’t even know they have them, others struggle daily.

So, do fibroids cause bleeding? Yes, they often do. In fact, many women don’t link their heavy periods to fibroids until it’s too late. That’s why learning more matters, so women can take charge of their health early.

What Exactly Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, also called leiomyomas or myomas, are growths made mostly of muscle cells and fibrous tissue. They grow inside, within, or on the outside of the uterus. These growths are non-cancerous, but they can still cause major symptoms.

Here’s how fibroids are classified:

• Submucosal: Grow inside the uterus

• Intramural: Grow within the uterine wall

• Subserosal: Grow outside the uterus

• Pedunculated: Grow on a stalk inside or outside

Fibroids can differ in size and location:

• Some are as small as a pea

• Others grow as large as a melon

• Some remain unchanged for years

• Others grow rapidly in months

The real issue? Their placement and size determine whether they cause bleeding or not.

How Common Are Fibroids Around the World?

Globally, fibroids affect 75% of women of reproductive age. That’s a shocking number when you think about it. Still, many women aren’t diagnosed until symptoms become unbearable. Incidence varies across countries and ethnicities. For example:

• African-American women have higher rates and earlier onset.

• Caucasian women still experience fibroids, but symptoms may differ.

Diagnosis often depends on:

• Access to healthcare

• Awareness levels

• Genetic predisposition

Many women only discover fibroids when planning pregnancy, or after they’ve tried everything to control heavy bleeding without success.

Major Causes and Risk Factors of Uterine Fibroids

While fibroids aren’t caused by one single factor, researchers have uncovered several triggers. These triggers are important because understanding them can help women prevent or manage fibroids better.

Hormonal Imbalances

Estrogen and progesterone feed fibroids. That’s why they often grow during reproductive years and shrink after menopause.

• Fibroids thrive on estrogen

• Birth control or hormone therapy may worsen them

• Hormonal shifts during pregnancy can speed up growth

Genetics

If your mother had fibroids, you’re likely to have them too.

• First-degree relatives matter

• Family history increases risk by 3X

• Certain gene mutations are also linked

Lifestyle and Diet

Certain habits may make fibroids worse.

Age and Race

Fibroids are most common in women aged 30–50.

• More common and severe in Black women

• Risk increases with age until menopause

• Earlier onset is linked with genetics

Environmental Triggers

Chemicals and endocrine disruptors may contribute.

• Hair relaxers, plastic containers, and pesticides

• Long-term exposure may interfere with hormones

Risk Factors for Uterine Fibroids

These triggers don’t act alone. Combined, they can make fibroids cause bleeding, pelvic pressure, and more.

Recognizing Symptoms and How Fibroids Affect Daily Life

Most fibroids don’t hurt. But the ones that do? They can seriously disrupt daily life. Whether it’s pain, fatigue, or constant bleeding, fibroids make everything harder, from work to family life.

1. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

• Soaking through pads in an hour

• Periods lasting more than 7 days

• Passing large blood clots

• Anemia, fatigue, dizziness

Many women ask, do fibroids cause bleeding this severe? Yes, especially submucosal and large intramural types.

2. Pelvic Pain and Pressure

These symptoms often worsen as fibroids grow.

3. Infertility and Pregnancy Issues

Fibroids can block the fallopian tubes or distort the uterus.

4. Frequent Urination or Constipation

• Pressure on bladder leads to urgency

• Pressure on bowel causes constipation

• May mimic other health issues

In many cases, fibroids are mistaken for other conditions like endometriosis or ovarian cysts.

How Fibroids Are Diagnosed and Monitored

You won’t always feel them, but doctors can find fibroids during a regular pelvic exam. Still, imaging tests are the gold standard.

1. Ultrasound

2. MRI

3. Hysterosonography or Hysteroscopy

• Uses saline to expand the uterus

• Allows clear view of fibroids

• Helps assess if fibroids cause bleeding

4. Biopsy (rare)

Doctors often monitor small fibroids over time. If they grow or start bleeding, treatment options are discussed.

Effective Treatment Options for Managing Fibroids

Not every fibroid needs surgery. Treatment depends on symptoms, size, and future plans (like pregnancy).

1. Medication

• NSAIDs for pain

• Tranexamic acid to reduce bleeding

• Hormonal birth control (pill, IUD)

• GnRH agonists or antagonists to shrink fibroids

2. Non-Surgical Procedures

3. Surgical Options

Each treatment has pros and cons. Talk to your doctor about the right path if fibroids cause bleeding often.

Tips to Prevent and Manage Uterine Fibroids

There’s no way to stop fibroids 100%, but you can manage their growth and symptoms.

Dietary Adjustments

• Eat more green veggies and fruits

• Reduce red meat and processed foods

• Limit alcohol and caffeine

Lifestyle Choices

• Maintain a healthy weight

• Exercise regularly

• Avoid endocrine-disrupting chemicals (BPA, parabens)

Track Symptoms

These steps may not cure fibroids, but they can help delay treatment or control symptoms early.

Why Awareness and Early Action Matter

Fibroids grow silently. Many women ignore heavy periods, thinking it’s just how their body works. But do fibroids cause bleeding? Yes, and early action can stop the cycle of pain, anemia, and emergency care. Knowing your body and talking to your doctor early can prevent worse outcomes later.

Conclusion

Uterine fibroids aren’t rare, and they’re not harmless. When ignored, they can cause years of suffering, missed work, and emotional stress. So, if you’ve been asking yourself, “Do fibroids cause bleeding?” The answer is yes, often and significantly. Don’t wait. Speak with your doctor and make informed decisions about your health.

Frequently Asked Questions